Example Essay on Organization Management in Construction Industry

Example Essay on presidential term Management in wrench IndustryINTRODUCTIONThe aim and objective of this essay is to emphasize the give the axeonic understanding of spate and system steering principles as it relates to edifice industries of the twenty-first carbon. concourse and brass section bangment is a fundamental factor in achieving a realistic and efficient use of resources, especi eachy human resources. A heavy responsibility is placed on motorcoachs and the activities of forethought on the impactes, systems and styles of c atomic number 18 Laurie J Mullins (1996)13Construction companies are faced with difficulties of how to organize and manage resources imputable to complexity of ejection and as such start a great effect on the projects in terms of season, cost and quality.E genuinely club has its own ideas ab expose how to organize itself and its work, an effective agreement go forth consider that clear line of authority exist, and that every member of the project knows what he or she must do to make the project a advantage Dennis Lock (1996)11.Management is a description of a variety of activities carried emerge by those members of institutions whose role is that of a carriage ie any(prenominal)one who has a evening gown responsibility for the work of one or more persons in the placement or who is accountable for specialist advisory duties in hurt of key management activities.This essay will address people and organization management principles by considering various definitions of management, main shape upes to organization, structure and management theories and in addition relationship among an exclusive and the organization and advantages of management theories to 21st century construction industries. However, if action is to be effective, the surmisal must be decorous and appropriate to the task and to improved organization performance. It must be a great theory Laurie J Mullins (1996)39DEFINITION OF MANA GEMENTManagement can be define as the execute of planning, organizing, exacting efforts of organization members and victimisation all organization resources to achieve stated organization goals.According to G.A sugar (2004)7 , management is a collection of activities involving planning, organizing, move and controlling. Other writers also indicate their gain about the definition of management as shown belowTo manage is to forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordiate and to control H.Fayol (1916)1Management is a social process the process consists of .planning, control, coordination and motivation E.F.L Brech (1957)2Managing is an operational process initially beaver dissected by analyzing the managerial functionsThe five essential managerial functions are planning, organizing, staffing, directing and leading, and controlling Knoontz and O Donnell (1984)3Five area of management constitute the essence of proactive performance in our chaotic words (1) an obsession with responsiveness to customers, (2) continuous innovation in all area of the firm, (3) disruptnership the wholesale partnership of and gain sharing with all people connected with the organization, (4) leadership that loves motley ( instead of fighting it) and instills and shares an inspiring vision, and (5) control by message of naive support systems aimed at measuring the right stuff for todays environment T. Peters(1988)4Basically, in a broad understanding considering all the above options, management is process that enables organization to set and achieve their objective by planning, organizing and controlling their resources, including gaining the loyalty of their employees (motivation).ORGANIZATIONAccording to H. Kerzner (2006)89, organization can be define as group of people who must coordinate their activities in otherwise to reckon organization objectives.Organization can also be defined concord to the following school of thoughtOrganizations are intricate human strategies designed to achieve certain objectives Argyris(1960)8Since organizations are systems of behaviour designed to enable earth and their machines to accomplish goals, organisational form must be a crossroads function of human characteristics and the nature of the task environment. Simon(1976)9Organizations are systems of inter- forecastent human beings. Pugh(1990)10Organization are set up to achieve exercises that individuals cannot achieve on their own. Organizations so provide a means of working with others to achieve goals. Likely to be determined by whoever is in the best position to influence themA key characteristic of organization is their complexity. Stewart(1994)11PEOPLE AND ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENTIn Construction company setup, managers are expected to have adequate fellowship and skill to manage people and their characteristic behaviours, works to be through and technology involved and all external environmental factors as it affects construction perseveranc e.The effects of the operation of the organization inwardly its environment are reflected in terms of the management of opportunities and risk and the in(predicate) achievement of its aims and objectives. Laurie J Mullins (1996)6People and organization management can therefore be treated exploitation understanding of management theories, go upes in terms of classical, human relation and systems perspectives, all of which will be critically examined in the course of this essay.The Construction industries depend heavily on its workforce, they sometimes face several challenges if its recruitment to save expected project at estimated cost, expected or planned time and quality. The industry can improve its performance by attracting the right people(organization to serve strongly at recruitment pool and think on how people can do unalike job in different style), care the right people (acknowledging a change their culture) and satisfying customer ( give out stress strategy).PEOP LE AND ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES AND MANAGEMENT THEORIES, APPROACHESThere Are between six to eleven management theories and school of thought but for the purpose of this essay we will adopt the approach as explained by Laurie J Mullins (1996)39, that is analysis revolving around a framework based on quartet main approaches of Classical, military personnel resources, Systems and Contigencies.The figure 1.0 below indicate simply the main approaches to organization, structure and managementClassicalHuman RelationsSystemsContingency focus on purpose,Attention to socialThe integration of theNo one best design offormal structure,factors at work,classical and humanorganizations. Form ofheirarchy of management,group, leadership,relations approaches.structure, management, adept requirements,the informalImportance of theand success of theand common principlesorganization, andsocio- technical system.organization dependentof organisationbehaviour of peopleThe organization withinupon a range ofits external environment.situation variables.Fig 1.0 the main approaches to organization, structure and management. Laurie J Mullins (1996)39The Classical TheoriesClassical theories focuses on improving the organization structure as a means of increasing efficiency, it emphasizes on the magnificence of the principles for the design of a logical structure of organization.The classical approach to management was primarily bear on with the structure and activities of formal, or official, organization. Issues such as the division of works, the establishment of a hierarchy of authority, and the span of control were seen to be of the utmost importance in the achievement of an effective organization G.A Cole(2004)4Managers role in classical theory is that of planner and trainer.They are responsible to know what is expected of individual and develop a structure that works for the organization to achieve the main goal.The Human RelationTheoriesThe fundamental idea behind the hum an relation approach to management is motivation based on a hierarchy of human needs, ranging from fundamental physiological needs(food, sleep) to higher psychological needs, such as self- fulfillment. This serves as a means of achieving organizational effectiveness.The human relations approach discoverd the importance of the informal organization which will always be present within the formal structure. This informal organization will influence the motivation of employees who will view the organization for which they work through the value and attitudes of their colleagues. Their view of the organization determines their approach to work and the extent of their motivation to work well or otherwise. . Laurie J Mullins (1996)53Construction managers are expected to have mind of motivating workers, understand the method, basic needs of the employees so that he can have maximum use of their support to enhance production.The System TheoriesAccording to Laurie J Mullins (1996)55 , the s ystem approach attempts to reconcile the two earlier approaches and the work of the formal and the informal writers. Attention is focused on the total work organization and the interrelationships of the structure and behaviour, and the range of variables within the organization. This approach can be contrasted with a view of the organization as separate parts.The system approach encourages managers to view the organization both as a whole and as part of a larger environment. The idea is that any part of an organizations activities affects all other parts.The system approach is a complex social systems, responsive to a number of interdependent and important variables. The major variables in adopting system approach to organizations are people (as individual and in group), technology (in terms of the technical requirements of work, organization structures and environment (the external conditions affecting the organization).Construction managers should therefore focus on interrelations hips, both with subsystems and between the system and the external environment. He should be able to explain the trend and articulate the vision of the organization.The Contigency TheoriesThe contingency approach can be seen as an extension of the system approach, it highlights possible means of differentiating among alternative forms of organization structures and systems of the management.The contingency approach implies that organization theory should not seek to suggest one best way to structure or manage organizations but should provide insights into the situational and contextual factors which influences management ratiocinations. Laurie J Mullins (1996)57 overly according to G.A Cole(2004)82, a contingency approach build on the symptomatic qualities of the systems approach in order to determine the most appropriate organizational design and management style for a given set of circumstances. essentially the contingency approach suggests that issue of design and the style dep end on choosing what is the best combination, in the light of prevailing conditions of the following variables the external environment, proficient factors and human skill and motivation.BENEFIT OF MANAGEMENT THEORIES TO 21ST CENTURY turn INDUSTRYCritical appraisal and thorough understanding of people and organizational management theoretical concepts will enable the construction managers to be amply aware and intimacyable about different organizational management approaches in dealing with different situations and to adopt those approaches that best suit the particular requirement of the job.A problem relating to structure, the ideas of the classical writers or contingency theory may be adopted. When there is problem relating to personnel management, ideas from the human relations theorists index be valuable. If the problem is environmental, the systems approach might prove most useful.Generally, the knowledge and understanding of management theory will help the construction manager in tackling the complexities of people and organizational management of the 21st century.However, no angiotensin-converting enzyme approach to organization and management that can provide all the answers but the comparative study of different theoretical approaches will yield benefits and strategically position the manager in facing the people and organizational management challenges of the industry.RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AN INDIVIDUAL AND THE ORGANISATIONSince any organization is comprised of individuals, individuals thus become the unit of analysis in organizations principles and theories. Individuals behave in different ways according to their background, knowledge, education and psychosocial factors. The knowledge and understanding of the individual behaviors, the behavioural patterns and personal development is therefore crucial to the construction manager amidst the complexities of construction organizations.Construction managers need to be aware of factors that govern individual behavior, recognize individual potential and harness it to achieve the organizational goals and to understand how the individual behaviors affects the general organizations culture.Part 2PERSONAL REFLECTION OF MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIESI have discovered through reading series of management textbooks and journals, one-time(prenominal) work experience and academician teachings that the practice and application of management skills and competencies is the catholicon to management and organizational problems facing the construction industry given the complexities and the kinetic environment.Due to my technical training and work experience in a construction company, I have developed some of these management skills and competencies. nigh were acquired by management training, some inculcated through organizational culture and some merely by intuition. Some of this competencies are, teamwork, leadership skill, organizational ability, interpersonal skills, decision making, mana ging change, drive for achievement, creative problem solving and analysis, negotiating skills, managing conflicts and listening skills.However, there are management skills and values that I still need to acquire or develop further during the course of my studies as a project manager. These hold organizational ability, strategic planning, self management and prioritizing, information collection and analysis, good communication skills and resource management.Before now, I have always interpreted organizational values, adequate planning and self management, and prioritizing for granted due to management ignorance, but having learnt and discovered that they are very important for a successful project manager, I have begun to imbibe the values of effective planning, organizing and prioritizing my academic works, personal activities as scheduled and always seek a way of developing them further and further.During my studies, I have discovered that all these skills and values are very impo rtant for any construction manager to be able to adequately plan, organize, motivate workers, make good and timely decisions, manages immutable changes, manage limited resources, conflicts e.t.c., and communicate effectively within and outside the organization in order to meet the enormous challenges of the complex construction industry.to a fault based on my background, all the management theories has been experienced as day to day references in attending to issues, improving output, getting result out of human resources and achieving company goal at a profitable valuation reserve and make the shareholders happy.CONCLUSIONIt is very important for a construction manager to develop good management skills and organizational competencies in order to effectively and efficiently meet the challenges of complex 21st century construction industry within the dynamic environment.Implementation and understanding of all management theories is very important for construction manager to be abl e to deliver project at estimated time, within the budgeted cost and specified quality.